Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome

The post Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome by Dr. Ernie Ward appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS) is estimated to affect 14% to 35% of all dogs, although it’s difficult to pinpoint the exact prevalence due to the difficulty in diagnosing and lack of centralized reporting. In a recent report published by the University of Washington’s Dog Aging Project, about 3% of 11,574 dogs had diagnostic scores above the clinical threshold for CDS. Most veterinarians agree that about a third of all dogs will develop some degree of cognitive decline as they age, with perhaps 10% to 20% progressing to CDS.

Symptoms of Dog Dementia (Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome)

Most signs of CDS begin around 9 years of age, with females, especially spayed dogs, being predisposed. Early research indicates neutered males may experience more rapid progression of CDS than intact dogs. These findings suggest hormones may be involved in the development or progression of CDS.

Many vets use the acronym “DISHAA” to help dog owners recognize CDS. DISHAA stands for: Disorientation; Social Interactions; Sleep/Wake Cycles; House soiling, Learning and Memory; Activity; and Anxiety.

Some of the most common canine cognitive dysfunction symptoms include:

• Wandering aimlessly throughout the house or yard
• Anxiety
• Confusion
• Urinating and defecating in the house
• Pacing, most often at night
• Less interaction with owners
• Not recognizing familiar people, animals, or commands
• Less interest in eating, playing, walking and socializing
• Restlessness
• Waking up in the night; increased daytime sleeping
• Inactivity
• Increased vocalization, frequently at night
• Approaching the wrong side of a known door opening
• Inability to locate food dropped on the floor
• Appearing to become lost in a familiar environment

Treatment and supplements for cognitive dysfunction syndrome

Similar to Alzheimer’s disease, there is no specific treatment for CDS. You can offer your dog several lifestyle and nutritional interventions, along with one particular medication.

The drug of choice for most veterinarians confronting CDS is selegiline (L-deprenyl) hydrochloride (trade names Anipryl, Eldepryl, Carbex and generic). Cognitive dysfunction is associated with decreased levels of the brain neurotransmitter dopamine, and selegiline helps prolong dopamine activity. It also reduces free radicals in the brain, further enhancing its effects.

While far from a panacea, I advocate selegiline usage in my CDS patients. I typically give the standard dose for two months, and if there’s no change, double the amount for an additional month. If the dog still isn’t improving, we discontinue. Approximately 5 percent of dogs can’t tolerate selegiline. Side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, appetite loss, itchy skin, tremors, drooling, listlessness, disorientation, diminished hearing, or restlessness.

Diets rich in antioxidants and essential fatty acids have been shown to improve cognitive function and slow decline. There are therapeutic diets formulated specifically to aid dogs suffering from CDS, including Hill’s Prescription Diet b/d and Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets NC NeuroCare.

In addition to a special diet, I advise supplementing with fatty acids DHA and EPA. Besides being potent antioxidants, several studies conclude that DHA/EPA can help enhance brain function.

I also recommend supplements rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), such as Senilife, to my patients experiencing cognitive decline. MCTs provide an alternative energy course for brain cells and may improve mitochondrial activity in neural tissues.

SAMe is on my list of supplements for most older dogs and certainly for those suspected of CDS. SAMe was shown to decrease clinical signs of CDS and improve executive functions in a couple of small studies.

Regular aerobic physical activity is essential in helping slow CDS and preventing mental decline in general. In addition, environmental enrichment is necessary for a healthy canine brain. Social interactions, new toys, learning new commands and engaging in new activities have been shown to preserve a dog’s brain function and learning abilities.

Chloe’s CDS story

“It’s hard to describe. She just seems somehow off. Like she’s becoming more forgetful.”

Seated across from me was Chloe, a 9-year-old Yorkie lounging between a loving 60-ish couple. This was our first visit, and it was apparent they were terribly concerned.

“Just the other day, when I called her name for a treat, she looked right at me as if she didn’t understand a word I said. I put her favorite cookie on the floor, and she just walked away.”

I had an idea. I gently removed my stethoscope from around my neck and dropped it loudly onto the floor behind me.

Chloe immediately perked up and looked toward the sound. OK, her hearing and ability to localize noises appeared intact.

“I agree that something may be wrong. That was a simple test of her hearing and ability to process sensory information. Older dogs often develop hearing and vision loss, leading to abnormal behaviors like you described. Let’s find out what may be causing her symptoms by starting with a thorough physical exam.”

Both pet parents let out an audible sigh of relief.

“Thank you for believing us. You’re the third vet we’ve seen, and each time we left feeling like we were losing our minds or overreacting.”

“I learned early in my career to trust the pet owner when they say something’s wrong. You know your dog better than anyone else. It’s my job to translate your feelings and my findings into a diagnosis.”

Several minutes later, my examination concluded that Chloe was an exceptionally healthy senior dog with no discernable sensory deficits or physical abnormalities. The next step was to perform a battery of blood and urine tests to eliminate any hidden illness as the culprit.

“While waiting for the test results, I want you to log any unusual behaviors or events. Even better, take a video of Chloe if she does anything strange.”

Three days later, I called to inform them that all tests were normal and to check if Chloe had experienced any more “bad spells.”

“Dr. Ward, I think she’s getting worse. Two nights ago, she woke up at 3 a.m. and started wandering throughout the house. I thought maybe there was an animal outside, but my husband checked and saw nothing. Then today she pottied in the house while I was out.”

I asked if she had urinated or defecated.

“That’s just it; she did both! I don’t think she’s done that since she was a puppy.”

My hunch was that Chloe was in the early stages of canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), a condition similar to Alzheimer’s disease in humans. CDS is a degenerative neurological disorder of older dogs and cats characterized by gradual cognitive decline and increasing changes in brain tissue. CDS is insidious and progressive, and most dog owners don’t recognize the changes until advanced and severe. Chloe’s parents were right to trust their gut.

We discussed additional testing, such as an MRI, to look for further signs of CDS or brain disease, but the owners decided to wait.

During the first month of treatment (see the first part of this article for the diet, supplement, and medication recommendation), Chloe’s owners reported no significant events, but she was still a bit “slow.” After three months, she’d only had a few accidents, and her owners were satisfied she was “holding steady.” A year later, Chloe was unchanged.

Chloe’s family moved about a year later to be near their new grandchildren, and, to be honest, I completely forgot about her. One Christmas, my hospital manager knocked on my door, holding a bright red card. Inside was a photograph of the couple cuddling a new puppy alongside a brood of grandkids.

“Dr. Ward, we wanted to let you know Chloe passed peacefully a few months ago. She remained happy and able to get along on her own until her final days. This is our new pup, Zoe! I hope she can find a vet willing to listen to her like you did her sister. Thank you again for your help.”

Not going to lie; I still read that card when I’m feeling down. Dog moms and dads, trust your gut when it comes to your pet’s physical and mental health. You know your dog better than anyone else, and they deserve to be heard.  

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What is the Best Vacuum for Dog Hair?

The post What is the Best Vacuum for Dog Hair? by Desiree Wood appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

We all know shed happens when you live with dogs. Whether you have a double-coated fluffy boy or a sleek-coated pretty girl, dog hair can be a real problem during shedding seasons.  Fortunately, there are some great pet vacuums for tackling dog hair.

1. Dog vacuum and pet grooming tool

Pet hair isn’t just hair, it carries pollen and allergens too. The great minds at Dyson know this and developed the pet Groom Tool. It works with Dyson’s cordless range of vacuums, like the Dyson V15 Detect with its laser detection and anti-tangle conical brush bar designed to collect and release pet hair into the bin. Paige at Dyson says the pet Grooming Tool is acoustically engineered to give your pup a peaceful brushing and the self-cleaning angled bristles are designed to reach into the undercoat to grab those loose hairs before they drop. A cordless vacuum with the grooming tool is a great one-two punch for keeping ahead of the shedding.  

Dyson V15 Detect Pet Hair Vacuum

2. Dog vacuum with anti-odor filters and upholstery tools

The overall favorite is the High-Performance Swivel XL Pet Upright says Emily at Hoover. Its heavy-duty powerful motor with WindTunnel technology is perfect for heavy shedders. It creates that edge-to-edge suction to get hair from hard-to-reach spots on every floor type and the 2-in-1 pet upholstery tool works great on furniture, stairs, and pet beds. It’s made for pet parents with a rinseable anti-order filter and PowerFlex Pet brush roll for a powerful clean.

Swivel XL Hoover Pet Upright Vacuum

3. Dog vacuum with power suction and easy cleanup

With its SmartSeal Allergen System and edge-to-edge suction, the Pet Hair Eraser Turbo Plus vacuum cleaner from Bissell is a powerhouse at trapping hair, dirt and allergens. The Tangle-Free Brush Roll prevents hair from wrapping around the brush and the Cyclonic Pet Hair Spooling System gives you an easy, no-touch emptying of the dirt tank. Every purchase supports the Bissell Pet Foundation and its mission to help save homeless pets, so it’s a win-win for all.

Pet Hair Eraser Turbo Plus Vacuum from Bissell

When it comes to staying ahead of the shed, engineers and microbiologists know what it takes to get a home clean. With powerful suction capabilities and specialized tools, finding the perfect pet vacuum can be easier than naming your new puppy. 

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My Dog Ate Gum, What Do I Do?

The post My Dog Ate Gum, What Do I Do? by Jessica Peralta appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Gum is an enjoyable treat for humans, but for dogs it’s actually dangerous if ingested.

What to do if your dog eats gum

Dr. Tina Wismer, senior director of ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, says if your pet gets into something potentially toxic, first check the ingredient label on the product. If the ingested item contains xylitol and you notice any abnormal behavior from your pet, go to your local veterinary clinic immediately.

“A veterinarian will likely first check your dog’s blood sugar and liver enzymes to see if they are abnormal,” she says. “If your dog does have low blood sugar, your vet may give a source of sugar — dextrose — IV to bring their sugar levels back up to avoid any serious complications. Always call the vet as soon as possible, as preventing problems is more helpful than treating them.”

Why is xylitol toxic to dogs?

Many gums — especially those that are sugar-free — contain the sweetener xylitol. Xylitol is a sweetener most commonly found in food products but can be found in other consumer goods, like toothpaste, as well. 

Dr. Wismer says xylitol causes low blood sugar and liver injury in dogs. While low blood sugar can occur very quickly — as soon as 30 minutes after ingestion — it can take up to 12 hours for symptoms to appear after ingestion.

Signs of low blood sugar in dogs include:

• Weakness
• Unsteadiness
• Shaking
• Seizures — if it goes untreated

Signs of liver injury in dogs can include:

• Decrease in appetite
• Lethargy
• Yellowing of the skin
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea

Dr. Wismer says symptoms indicating liver injury in your dog may not be seen for two or three days after ingestion. 

“The amount of xylitol found in different products — even different flavors of gum — can vary widely, so having information about the item ingested, how much was ingested and knowing your pet’s weight is important,” says Dr. Wismer.

Other concerns when dogs eat gum

VCA Animal Hospitals Regional Technician Director Melissa Hulgreen says ingestion of toxic substances is relatively common in dogs — especially curious puppies. Melissa says that while gum ingestion is not the No. 1 toxicity they see, most people do have gum in their house, car or personal bag, so the likelihood of exposure is higher for pets compared to something less common like rat bait.

The potential risk of dogs eating gum is two-fold, says Melissa. The lesser risk is that of gastrointestinal blockage.

“Because chewing gum is not readily broken down when ingested like most other foods, there is a minimal risk of developing a gastrointestinal blockage depending on the size of the animal and the amount of gum consumed,” she says.

Signs of a gastrointestinal blockage in dogs include:

• Vomiting (This typically occurs multiple times and pet parents often report that their pet can’t keep anything down, even water.)
• Anorexia (Not wanting to eat at all.)
• Hyporexia (Not eating as much as they usually would.)
• Lethargy
• Abdominal discomfort (The pet is tender when touched or picked up around the belly area, is unwilling to lay down and unable to get into comfortable positions.)

“It is important to remember that these are general clinical signs that can be seen with a variety of health conditions, not just gastrointestinal obstruction, so it is always important to seek medical advice from a veterinarian if you are concerned,” Melissa says.

But that is not usually the primary concern and there is a good chance the dog will pass the gum without problem. However, you should let your veterinarian know how much gum was ingested so that she can assess the risk of blockage.

What does the vet do after your dog eats gum

Melissa says when you first arrive at the vet, a triage technician will ask you some questions:

• About how long ago did your dog eat the gum?
• How much was ingested?
• Have you noticed any changes in your pet’s behavior since ingesting the gum?

“It is really helpful to bring the packaging of the product they ingested — this is applicable to any toxin ingestion — because it will help the veterinary team discern exactly what your pet was exposed to and at what dose,” Melissa says.

If your pet also ate the packaging, do your best to provide the brand name and type of gum.

“If there is a strong suspicion that your dog ingested gum containing xylitol, the veterinarian will likely recommend that they induce vomiting immediately to prevent any further absorption of xylitol into your dog’s body,” says Melissa.

Once your pet is initially stabilized, the veterinarian will discuss any further treatment or monitoring.

“This will likely include overnight hospitalization with IV fluids and sugar supplementation, seizure watch and liver protectant medications,” Melissa says.

If it is determined that your pet ingested gum that did not contain xylitol, the veterinarian will discuss the pros and cons of further treatment.

“At this point, the main concern would be the ingestion of foreign material and determining the probability of your pet being able to pass said foreign material — undigested gum and any wrappers or packaging — without incident,” Melissa says.  

Never induce vomiting at home after your dog eats gum

Pet parents should never induce vomiting at home or give any medications that were not previously prescribed unless directed to do so by a veterinarian, Melissa says.

“When we induce vomiting in the clinic, it is done in a controlled environment with trained medical staff, typically with injectable medications,” she says. “The most serious complication that can occur when we induce vomiting is aspiration — when the pet accidentally inhales some of the stomach contents during the process. This can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia and result in a longer hospital stay for your pet. The risk of aspiration can increase when owners try to give anything by mouth at home as they are unable to control the dose given and often struggle with the animal because of the bad taste.”

How to keep pets safe from xylitol toxicity

Dr. Wismer says when purchasing a new item, check the ingredient list for xylitol. If you have a pet that gets into things or a mischievous new puppy, avoid bringing that particular item into your home.

“If you do bring home products containing xylitol, make sure to keep them in a safe place out of paws’ reach,” she says. “Make sure to keep items like purses or backpacks off the floor, so that there is less opportunity for a nosy pet to find out what’s inside.”

But if your pet does get into gum, treat it as an emergency and call the vet right away.

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We Love Betty, the Chihuahua, on Will Trent

The post We Love Betty, the Chihuahua, on <em>Will Trent</em> by Melissa L. Kauffman, Group Editorial Director Catster/Dogster appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

When I saw the commercials for the new Will Trent TV show, I got excited because of the Chihuahua he was holding. Dog + mystery + drama = good in my view. However, when I realized it was the Will Trent of the Will Trent series of books by Karin Slaughter, I became apprehensive. I’m not a fan of turning books I love into movies or television series as the results are usually disappointing.

I watched the first episode and I liked it — particularly Betty the Chihuahua. Betty the dog is introduced in the first Will Trent book, Triptych. If you are a big dog lover and can’t wait to read the series to get even more of Betty, let me warn you: There’s not much Betty in the book series. Honestly, I had even forgotten he had a Chihuahua, and I am a hard-core dog lover. This is because the books focus on Will and the investigations, which can be mind-blowing, and not so much of when he’s home with Betty. Will is a special agent of the Bureau of Investigations, investigating the worst of the worst, and he’s pretty fascinating on his own — grew up in a foster home where he was horribly abused, has dyslexia and the ability to notice things others don’t.

I absolutely love that the TV series embraces Betty. You are introduced to the adorable Chihuahua right away at the beginning of the Pilot. In Episode 2, Betty pretty much steals the scenes at the end of the episode — her cuteness bursting into overload as she watches Will paint a ceiling. Dog lovers do need to remember that Will is not a dog lover and doesn’t know anything about dogs and isn’t even good at human relations, so you’ve got to give him some slack. I’m hoping the dog walker we meet in Episode 2 I’m a Pretty Observant Guy becomes a regular character.

Chihuahua Betty is a scene stealer right from the start in the new Will Trent series on ABC. ©ABC Television Network

In real life, Betty is played by Bluebell, the Chihuahua. Her trainer is April Mackin, who you can follow on Twitter here, to see more of the cute Bell.

If you’re a fan of the series, there are a lot of deviations, particularly with the character of Angie Polaski. However, author Karin Slaughter told reporters that the “book is the book and the show is the show” when questioned about these deviations from the book. It had been many years since I read the first book, so I went back and read Triptych, published in 2006. Will and the other series’ characters change a lot from book 1 through the latest book, The Silent Wife, and I had forgotten what it was like in the beginning where the television series begins. Karin Slaughter believes in complicated characters.

Just a note that the Grant County series by Karin Slaughter, which focuses on Sara Linton and Lena Adams, who later show up in the Will Trent books and I believe will be added to the TV series, start with Blindsighted, published in 2001. You don’t need to read those books first but you may want to in order to avoid spoilers. Sara is a dog lover and has a couple of dogs, so I look forward to them joining the cast too.

Watch Will Trent on ABC on Tuesdays at 10pm EST. Check out the episode order of Will Trent the TV series here. Check out the Will Trent book series by Karin Slaughter in order here.

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5 Fur-tastic Dog Themed Valentine Cards

The post 5 Fur-tastic Dog Themed Valentine Cards by Annie Butler Shirreffs appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

$8.98. Love You This Much Valentine’s Day Card from The Best Card Company

$3.49. Dog With Heart on Stick Valentine’s Day Card from Paper Cards

$5.50. Valentine Dogs from Hitchcock Paper Co

$13. Love Dogs Pop-Up Card from LovePop

$12.99 Valentine Dog Walk from Up With Paper

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10 Dog Training Hand Signals

The post 10 Dog Training Hand Signals by Rachel Brix, CBCC-KA, CPDT-KA, Fear Free Certified appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Dogs are experts at reading body language. They’re reading our signals all the time, so hand signals are a natural way to teach your dog most cues. Also, studies show dogs are more likely to accurately respond to hand signals than verbal cues.

Studies show dogs’ abilities to understand our pointing gestures may be innate, or perhaps they are predisposed to understand our pointing better than other gestures. Therefore, similar hand signals can be distinguished with learning and practice.

Are there dog-training hand signals that everyone uses?

There’s no set standard for hand signals across the dog-training industry. However, the key for you and your dog isn’t whether you’re following certain signals, but rather that you’re consistent with the signals you choose. Consistency is key in all dog training, especially when teaching and maintaining communication. While there are commonalities among trainers, you decide which signals are the most comfortable for you to use and your dog to understand.  

Why hand signals are handy in dog training

Using hand signals is more common than you might think as they:

• Come in handy in a variety of situations where you can’t use your voice
  • Hearing-impaired dog
  • Deaf dog training
  • Sleeping baby, you’re on a video/phone call, or any other time you want to be quiet
• Improve focus: Your dog learns to keep an eye on you for direction and guidance
• Improve cognitive skills
• Provide enrichment and stimulation to help alleviate boredom
• Support building solid behaviors while having fun

How to teach a dog hand signals

If your dog already knows the verbal cue, begin to add on the hand signal.

• Start in an environment with minimal to no distractions.
• Have your dog’s attention (eyes on you) and give the verbal cue along with the hand signal. Be clear and deliberate with your signal, and mark/click when he performs the intended cue.
• Repeat several times.
• Alternate using the verbal cue and the hand signal.
• Drop the verbal cue and only use the hand signal. Of course, your dog must be looking at you first! Say his name first to get his attention, then immediately give the cue/hand signal.
• Keep sessions short and focused.
• Start regularly generalizing hand signals into daily life.

If your dog doesn’t already know the verbal cue, teach both the verbal and the hand signal simultaneously by using lure and reward.

Top 10 Dog Training Hand Signals (With Photos)

Come: Fist over your heart with your elbow at your ribcage (much like if you were saying the pledge of allegiance)

©Rachel Brix

Sit: Palm out and facing upward; bend the tips of your fingers toward the palm of your hand

©Rachel Brix

Down: Use all four fingers together or index finger in a perpendicular position to the ground

© Rachel Brix

Stay/Wait: Open palm facing upward like a “stop” signal

© Rachel Brix

Look/Watch Me: Index or index and middle finger together pointing at your eye

©Rachel Brix

Place/Go to Mat: Similar to down, since you’re usually asking your dog to lie on his mat, a pointed index finger in the direction of the mat can be used to get a simultaneous down

© Rachel Brix

Drop: Closed fist pointed at the ground

© Rachel Brix

Speak: Open palm facing your dog, keep your four fingers together and close to your thumb; open and close repeatedly

© Rachel Brix

Shake Paw: Use an outstretched hand, palm facing up

© Rachel Brix

Rollover: Index finger in a circular motion; if your dog will roll both ways, teach using clockwise to mean roll to the right and counterclockwise to mean roll to the left

© Rachel Brix

As with all dog training, consistency is the top priority. You’re communicating, so be as clear as possible. Think of the numerous nuances in our written communication: For example, there (place), their (possessive) and they’re (they are) mean very different things. Be clear to get the correct point across!

The more hand signals you teach your dog, the better you can communicate and the more fun you’ll have. You can even use hand signals to segue into activities like trick training certifications and canine freestyle.

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AKC Names the Country’s Top Therapy Dog

The post AKC Names the Country’s Top Therapy Dog by Lauren Katims, Executive Editor Dogster appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Sometimes behavior is learned and other times it’s in the genes. For Axel, a 4 year-year-old, 110 pound Rottweiler, who was named AKC’s 2022 therapy dog of the year in its annual Humane Fund Awards for Canine Excellence, his handler John Hunt noticed at just 9 weeks old, how calm his demeanor was while interacting with others, but how engaging and confident he carried himself. Paired with a need to please and a noticeable ability to problem solve and lead others, Axel was a natural.

What characteristics do therapy dogs have

Therapy dogs typically show:

• Calm demeanor
• Engaging personality
• Confident
• Calm and handler-focused around other dogs
• Ability to problem solve
• Eagerness to please
• Ability to relax when not working
• Enjoy the attention of new people
• Properly display stress signals

What type of work does Axel do

Axel is a Crisis Response Canine Operation Deployment K9 and provides weekly support to local healthcare workers in large hospitals in New Jersey, where he and John live, and Pennsylvania. He also does comfort visits to police, fire and other first responders and is called onsite, along with John, to start the decompression process after a traumatic event.

John has gone through extensive training himself, including mental health courses and a K9 Body Language, First Aid and CPR program to make sure he can keep Axel safe on the job.

During his therapy career, Axel has completed more than 600 therapy dog visits, earning his AKC Therapy Dog Supreme title and has traveled around the country to provide support after large-scale tragedies.

“He is like a big teddy bear,” says Andrea Hering, founder and president of Crisis Response Canines, a New Jersey-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit that certifies, trains and deploys dogs in traumatic situations. “Even people afraid of dogs are usually taking pictures with him at the end of the visit.”

Crisis response dog off duty

Off duty, Axel is a typical dog, explains Andrea, “playful, energetic, silly.” But when he’s working, “Axel is so confident in his job that other dogs follow his lead. He serves as a role model for our other therapy dogs.”

Of course, part of the job is the after work treat. Axel’s preference? Mints and a good belly rub. 

Follow Axel works on social media @CrisisCanines or visit www.crisiscanines.org

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Nonprofit Helps Struggling Parents Become Dog Groomers

The post Nonprofit Helps Struggling Parents Become Dog Groomers by Lauren Katims, Executive Editor Dogster appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Soon after Cassie Bratton left her abusive relationship, she got laid off from her job at a medical equipment company. With no income, limited skills and diminishing confidence, she was struggling to care for her three children. Enrolling in a dog grooming training program changed her life.

How to become a dog groomer through the program

Pawsperity, formerly The Grooming Project, is a Kansas City based nonprofit that recruits parents who are struggling with issues, such as substance abuse recovery, unresolved legal cases and domestic violence, and trains them for a career in the pet grooming industry.

“Working with animals daily is a great way for students to learn to regulate their emotions,” says Abby Jaskolski, director of communications. “They take the emotional regulation they learn at school and apply it to how they interact with their children at home.”

A dog groomer shortage

Natasha Kirsch, whose mother was a groomer, founded The Grooming Project in 2016 to offer multiple career paths for struggling parents. But as the demand for groomers grew over the past few years, following the influx of pet parents, the nonprofit made grooming its main focus.

Five experienced pet grooming instructors, including two Pawsperity graduates, train the students for 6 to 9 months and upon graduation, the students have multiple regional job offers. Cassie works full time for a grooming salon in Missouri. She plans on staying at The Salon long-term and learning the logistics of operating a doggy daycare and working in dog therapy.

More than financial stability

“The successes we see are incredible,” says Abby of the 103 students who have graduated. “Women will come in to us with their heads down and stress weighing on them. By the time they leave, they are proud of their accomplishments and excited for a career.”

Abby doesn’t see the demand slowing down anytime soon. Large pet brands that offer grooming services have inquired about employing Pawsperity graduates in their stores nationwide.

Pawsperity recently moved into a larger facility to offer market-rate grooming services and doggy daycare to the public, which helps fund the program. And staff plans to double the number of families they serve this year.

Abby says, “It’s a new mental space for our students to operate from, and the joy and excitement that comes from that simple shift can be incredible to see.”

To learn more, visit www.pawsperity.org

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How to Keep a House Clean with Dogs

The post How to Keep a House Clean with Dogs by Sandy Robins appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Whether you have a rambunctious puppy with muddy paws who’s laser-focused on shredding toys or a sedate senior with incontinence issues, dealing with major dog messes means constant cleanup. Having the right dog gadgets and products makes it easier to handle this never-ending task. 

1. Keep floors clean with dogs: Proper training can help

Working with your dog on basic house training from the get-go can go a long way in keeping your house clean and cut down on daily cleanup chores. All dogs need to understand there are no-go pee and poop zones indoors and be trained to go outdoors or use designated pee pads. Need to potty train your dog? Check out Dogster’s Potty Training 101.

2. Neutralize dog pee, poop and diarrhea stains and odors

Apart from inappropriate peeing, diarrhea and vomiting top the list of dog messes. The key to dog-related clean up is not only removing the stains, but also neutralizing the odors completely. Dogs have such great olfactory senses, they can smell odors that pet parents can’t and often return to mark these locations. Find products to clean and eliminate odors below or in our Pet Cleaning Products You Need for Living with Your Dog article.

3. Keep muddy paws clean

Muddy paws can be a daily problem. Wipe a dog’s feet after a rigorous playtime or an outdoor adventure. Even a walk in the park can bring dust and dirt inside. Use a damp paper towel or specially formulated paw wipes.

Here are a few ways to clean dog paws:

• Dandylion’s Clean Paws N-Rinse Foaming Cleanser
• Nuesta Pets Hypoallergenic Bath Replacement Pet Wipes
• Tall Tails Clean Paws Drying Mitt

4. Set up no-go zones for your dog

Putting up dog gates is a great way to limit canine cleanup. Depending on the floor coverings in the home, dog gates can go a long way in maintaining a clean environment, especially carpeted areas.

5. Limit items your dog can shred and destroy

Empty trashcans or keep them covered. Put items away and out of your dog’s reach. If your dog is a shredder, limit stuffed items like throw cushions. Dogs left home alone are most likely to shred things as a result of loneliness and boredom. Investing in flat toys that are free of stuffing will also limit the mess.

6. Stop the dog hair everywhere

Good and regular grooming is the greatest defense to curbing loose dog hair all over the floors and furniture. Consider brushing your dog as quality time with household benefits.

House cleaning tips for dog owners

Have a dog cleanup kit at the ready; the sooner a household mess is tackled, the better.

• Stock up on cleaning products such as Pet Renu Strong Odor Eliminator. It removes strong urine odor and urine stains from carpet, fabric and upholstery. Its bacterial cleaning formulation creates enzymes that continue working when you can no longer see any marks so that dogs are less likely to return to these spots.
• For bigger messes such as poop and diarrhea, Sprinkle & Sweep, made from highly porous volcanic rock works to absorb the mess and odor. Cover the mess and then sweep it all away.

“Volcanic rock is one of the earth’s most absorbent byproduct materials and will absorb liquids exceeding 10 times its own weight,” explains Patrick Shannon, Sprinkle & Sweep’s marketing director. “Going ‘paperless’ is also a sustainable way to cut down on paper product usage around the home,” he adds.

• A powerful cordless vacuum cleaner is easy to grab and use anywhere and everywhere.
• For dogs of all ages left along for lengthy periods, a strategically placed absorbent pee pad, like these dog pads from Wizsmart, can go a long way in keeping floors clean.

Limiting household messes means you can spend more quality time playing with your dog.

Final tip for curbing pet messes: Don’t doggie shame for Instagram

We’ve all seen those photos and videos of dogs looking guilty and being berated by a pet parent after making a major mess in the home.

“Don’t do it,” says dog trainer Irith Bloom. “Dogs don’t understand punishment. And, if you take it too far, you could be setting your dog up for a behavioral issue resulting in more peeing or inappropriate pooping when punished.”

More mess to clean up!

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What is the Dalmatian Temperament Like?

The post What is the Dalmatian Temperament Like? by Megan Arszman appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Known exclusively for their spotted coats and depictions with firetrucks, Dalmatians are the kind of dog who gets you noticed quickly. Aside from the show-stopping black and white coat, Dalmatians have big personalities. They are intelligent, affectionate, active and protective.

Dalmatians as family dogs

Sara Krieger has owned Dalmatians for 11 years and has bred two litters. The dogs are a large part of her family, and they appreciate the vast space they have to run around the family farm.

“Dalmatians are great family dogs and are great with children,” says Sara, although adult supervision is always recommended.

As with any breed of dog, a tired Dalmatian is a happy Dalmatian — and that means a happy family. Plenty of mental and physical stimulation is key for these dogs, who are known to be very smart.

Dalmatians thrive with active families who understand their intelligence and include them in their daily activities, whether that is hiking, running, biking or traveling.

Are Dalmatians aggressive?

One thing Dalmatian fans might not know is that the Dalmatian can become protective of their home and their families. “Especially of their kids,” says Sara.

Working with your Dalmatian on manners and socialization at an early age will help Dalmatians learn when it’s acceptable to show protective tendencies. It’s never too late to enroll your dog in manners classes and socialization; older Dalmatians will benefit from this training, too. 

Dalmatians are highly trainable and need access to regular exercise. A well-exercised Dalmatian (both mentally and physically) will be a great house companion and easy to live with.

“They will nap on your couch and be ready to go when you are,” says Sara.

And lastly, choose a Dalmatian breeder who does all necessary health testing, such as BAER (Brainstem Evoked Potential), a hearing assessment that’s used to evaluate the hearing in dogs on the parents and puppies. Have more questions about the Dalmatian temperament and what it is like to live with one? Go to the Dalmatian Owners of America Facebook page to have all your Dalmatian questions answered by actual Dalmatian owners.

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How to Teach a Dog to Stay

The post How to Teach a Dog to Stay by Sassafras Lowrey, MFA, CPDT-KA, CTDI appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Teaching your dog to stay is one of the most important skills your dog can learn. Stay is not only a basic manners cue, but it makes living with a dog easier by successfully communicating not to dart out a door. Stay is also a foundation skill if you ever want to explore any kind of dog sports or activities. 

Supplies needed for teaching your dog to stay: 

• Quiet area to train 
• Small pieces of treats your dog is excited about 
• Patience

Steps to teach a dog to stay

For many dogs, the easiest way to teach Stay on cue is either by teaching a Sit-Stay or Down-Stay. Eventually, you’ll use these same steps to teach a stand-stay, but that is generally more challenging for dogs to learn. Before training your dog to Stay make sure your dog has a solid understanding of a Sit cue, and/or a Down cue.

Step 1: Start inside your house or another very quiet area without a lot of distractions. Cue your dog to Sit or Down. Praise and reward your dog for sitting, release your dog with a Release cue or toss a treat to get your dog to change positions. 

Step 2: Cue your dog to sit down again and this time wait a few seconds before treating and releasing your dog with lots of praise and treats. Repeat, waiting a few seconds before treating and releasing. This is where patience is especially important. The goal here isn’t to see how long your dog will hold the position, rather it’s about slowly building up duration, so starting with just a couple of seconds is plenty.

Step 3: After a few repetitions, slowly, just incrementally a few seconds at a time, increase the amount of time you are asking your dog to hold his Sit or Down position before praising and releasing. If your dog gets up, that’s OK! Just ask him to Sit/Down again, wait a couple of seconds, and then praise and treat. 

Step 4: When your dog is consistently holding a Sit/Down for a short length of time, between 10 to 20 seconds, introduce the verbal cue of your choice for Stay, such as “Wait” or “Stay” by asking your dog to Sit/Down, give the verbal cue and then wait a few seconds before treating/releasing. 

Step 5: Slowly increase the amount of time you ask your dog to hold his Stay. Just remember to slightly increase the length of time you ask your dog to hold each time, making sure to praise and reward your dog for a job well done. 

Step 6: In addition to increasing the length of time you ask your dog to hold a Sit or Down Stay, start to slowly increase the distraction level around your dog. Slowly move around your dog while he is in the Stay position, then build up to higher levels of distraction like throwing toys and then venturing outside to areas with more sights and sounds. Build distraction levels slowly until your dog can hold a Stay near high level distractions, such as being around other dogs.  

In addition to increasing the length of time you ask your dog to hold a Sit-Stay, slowly increase the distraction level around your dog working toward high-level distractions, such as being outside or around other dogs or people.  ©Sassafras Lowrey

Breaking the Stay cue: 

If at any time your dog breaks his Stay, don’t scold or punish him; instead, just calmly ask your dog to Sit/Down again, but this time ask for a slightly shorter amount of Stay time — keep your dog successful. When a dog breaks his Stay, he’s communicating that he isn’t yet ready to handle that level of distraction or that length of a Stay, which is important information for us to have as dog owners/trainers. As a general rule: End your training session on a positive note, where your dog is successfully completing the exercise.

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How to Treat Alopecia in Dogs

The post How to Treat Alopecia in Dogs by Claire Primo, CVT, ACMT, FFCP appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Alopecia, commonly known as hair loss, is a common condition in dogs. While all dogs may be at risk of developing varying degrees of alopecia, there are contributing factors that may predispose your dog to this condition. Understanding the top reasons in which your dog may develop hair loss, as well as steps to take toward a diagnosis, plays a tremendous role in treating your dog’s alopecia. 

5 common causes for alopecia in dogs and how to treat them

Thyroid disease

Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid gland, is an extremely common condition in dogs. Many times, undiagnosed hypothyroidism will cause hair loss or thinning in dogs. Alopecia from hypothyroidism is typically located on a dog’s trunk or tail. Your veterinarian will run blood work to rule out or confirm thyroid disease in your dog and it is generally very well managed with medication and routine thyroid blood work.

Allergies

Both food and environmental allergies are common conditions accompanied with alopecia. These dogs often have patches of hair missing or struggle with hot spots and salivary staining, due to chronic itchiness and scratching. The best approach to diagnosing and treating your allergic dog is to establish a relationship with a board-certified veterinary dermatologist. Use the American College of Veterinary Dermatology’s website to search for a local dermatologist.

Behavior

Some dogs may develop alopecia from overgrooming. While this is more common in cats, dogs who are experiencing fear, stress or anxiety may overgroom certain areas of their bodies. Think of this as a nervous tick, such as biting your nails or twirling your hair. Managing the root behavior is key to managing this type of alopecia. Management and treatment may include pharmaceutical and nutraceutical medication, increased mental and physical enrichment, as well as identifying and modifying environmental stressors for your pup.

Cushing’s Disease

Cushing’s Disease in dogs occurs when the adrenal glands produce an excess of cortisol. Among a myriad of other tell-tale symptoms, one of the most common signs of Cushing’s Disease in dogs is alopecia. While it can be somewhat tricky to diagnose, veterinarians usually use a combination of ultrasounds and blood tests to confirm Cushing’s Disease in your dog. Medications, Chinese herbs and dietary changes can all be used to treat this disease.

Alopecia X

“Alopecia X” is a name given to hereditary alopecia most commonly seen in Nordic breeds such as Pomeranians, American Eskimos and Chow Chows. Alopecia X typically causes baldness along the entire body and is only cosmetically concerning. A skin biopsy is typically necessary for diagnosing this condition. According to Dr. Angie Krause, holistic veterinarian at Boulder Holistic Vet, Alopecia X can be successfully managed using the Chinese herb, Bu Gan Tang.

Understanding the root cause of your dog’s alopecia will be absolutely critical to treating it! Most conditions that are associated with alopecia are very treatable using both traditional and holistic approaches. Keep open communication with your veterinarian and expand your dog’s medical team when you feel it is necessary. You are your dog’s biggest medical advocate!

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Best Books for Dog Lovers to Read in the New Year

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Wonderdog: The Science of Dogs and Their Unique Friendships with Humans

Wildlife expert, zoology correspondent and science writer Jules Howard presents this celebration of dogs and the scientists who have lived alongside them. Our relationship with dogs has considerably evolved, and this book takes a look at the historical paths we’ve walked together and how psychologists and animal behaviorists have built upon the study of dogs with important results. With the help of veterinarians, ethologists, neurologists, historians and the author’s own dogs, this book reveals the study of dogs to be key in the advancement of compassion in scientific research — and crucial to making life on Earth better for all species.

$27.95; Pegasus Books

Faithful Friends: Norman Rockwell and His Dogs

Since the beginning of his career, dogs were integral to Norman Rockwell’s art, often conveying the emotion of a scene (like the family dog bounding forward to greet a soldier returning from war). He sometimes used his own dogs as models: Raleigh the German Shepherd, Butch the Springer Spaniel and Pitter the Beagle mix. Written by Margaret Rockwell (the artist’s granddaughter by marriage), this book reproduces 50 of Rockwell’s best paintings with canine characters, along with his drawings and reference photos of dogs, and rarely seen Rockwell family photos. The text takes us inside Rockwell’s home and studio, illuminating his life with dogs.

$17.95; Abbeville Press

Sit, Stay, Heal: What Dogs Can Teach Us About Living Well

For more than two decades, esteemed veterinary oncologist Dr. Renee Alsarraf has treated cancer in canine patients. But when she was diagnosed with cancer herself, the disease she dedicated her professional life to fighting left her afraid and unsure. But in receiving her diagnosis, she realized that the empathy she had for animals went both ways. Those furry, four-legged friends seemed to understand her own difficult journey and showed her the true power of unconditional love and positivity. The book is an unforgettable and moving testament to both the healing nature of dogs and the resilience of the human spirit.

$27.99; HarperOne

Forever Home: The Inspiring Tales of Rescue Dogs

Sometimes a dog’s journey to his forever home isn’t a simple, straight line. Behind every dog featured in this touching photo series by photographer Traer Scott is a heartwarming tale of resilience and love. Scott, a Rhode Island-based photographer, whose earlier books include Finding Home and Shelter Dogs, chronicles their journeys to their forever homes with full-color, close-up portraits, along with their adoption stories. Whether you’re a new puppy parent or simply an animal lover, this celebration of pet rescue and adoption in all its forms is the ideal tribute to our canine friends.

$19.95; Princeton Architectural Press

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Craft Beer Brings People and Pups Together

The post Craft Beer Brings People and Pups Together by Annie Butler Shirreffs appeared first on Dogster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Dogster.com.

Second Chance Beer Company’s main motto is “Seize a Pint, Save a Pup.” That’s because this small, independent craft brewery in San Diego, California, is dedicated to helping rescue dogs.

The brewery was co-created in 2015 by CEO Virginia Morrison and her husband, master brewer Marty Mendiola. Animal welfare is a big element of the company and something that the two are very passionate about.

“When we talked about opening our own brewery, we knew giving back would be a large part of our ethos,” Virginia says.

One percent of the sales from their beers New Day and Buddy (each featuring dogs on the beer can) goes toward Second Chance Dog Rescue and The Animal Pad in San Diego, as well as Follow Your Heart in Gilbert, Arizona. Since the brewery’s beginnings, more than $257,000 has gone to the dog rescues.

The ultimate dog-friendly brewery

To say that Second Chance Beer Company is dog-friendly is an understatement. Virginia and Marty bring their dog, Citra, to work every day. Two dogs the couple fostered, Chinook and Chuck, have found their forever homes with brewery employees, and they come to work every day as well. Other dog-owning employees also bring their canine buddies to work, and patrons are encouraged to bring their pups to join in the fun.

Virginia with some of the brewery’s canine customers © Second Chance Beer Company

Helping rescue dogs get adopted

The brewery is instrumental in helping rescue dogs find their forever homes by hosting dozens of events. A portion of sales from fundraising events like the annual Pupapalooza goes to the animal rescues they support.

For 2023, the brewery’s goal is to get 23 dogs adopted and donate at least $2,300 to each of their rescue partners.

“Beyond that, we will open more dog-welcoming tasting rooms and continue to raise awareness of the benefits of adoption,” Virginia says.

In addition to dogs, Virginia’s other passion is Diversity, Equity and Inclusion. She founded the San Diego Brewer’s Guild’s DEI committee in 2019 and is currently the national Brewers Association’s DEI Committee Chairperson.

As Second Chance’s website says, it’s “a community where beer brings people, and their pups, together. More than just a brewery — we embrace diversity, value innovation and give back without compromise.” 

To learn more about Second Chance Beer Company, visit www.secondchancebeer, or follow the brewery on Instagram @secondchancebeer and Facebook @secondchancebeercompany.

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